Introduction.-In this final essay I’m going to write about Macbeth’s different states of thinking throughout the play to show you how his state of mind changes as the play continues.

Discussion.- Macbeth at the start of this play was a normal person living a stable life in good conditions and his state of mind matched. However, once Macbeth met the three witches in the forest near his palace his mind started to deteriorate. The three witches said that he would be King by doing what they command him to do. Macbeth decided that for the benefit of being a king he would do anything and everything else was nothing to him. There’s a phrase by the first witch in act 1, scene 3 that says:

For eighty-one weeks he will waste away in agony.

This means that the three witches make Macbeth feel misery for more than one and a half years with their evil plan. The witches plan creates fear and distrust among the people and everybody defensive. The people were not able to trust in anyone because Macbeth started to kill his friends, good lords and known people with the objetive to have the maximum control over everything . But at the end of the play Macbeth dies with a very unstable mind losing control of himself.

One of the Metaphors that explains Macbeth deteriorating is: The Thane of Cawdor lives. Why do you dress me
In borrow’d robes?  

Here we can see that  Macbeth was surprised with the prediction of the three witches that said he will become the king of Scotland when the current King lives. By the thought  of this Macbeth’s state of mind started to become curious and ambicious, because he wanted to know more about how this  was going to happen and what he had to do. When he said the Thane of Cawdor lives he means there is an actual king governing the community. And when he ask “why do you dress me in borrow’d robes”. The meaning of this metaphor is when Macbeth is surprised on how he is going to earn the position of the king with an actual one governing.

The second metaphor is in act 2 scene 3 is:   “Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown
And put a barren scepter in my grip,
Thence to be wrenched with an unlineal hand,
No son of mine succeeding”. Macbeth`s feeling confident by the prediction of the three witches by saying anyone will defeat him betraying or surprising him, because he was feeling powerful. This metaphor translated means: the three witches predicted Macbeth’s future giving the crown of the king and making him inmortal to anyone who was born from a woman making him powerful and indelible.

The third metaphor is in act 3 scene 4 is: “There the grown serpent lies; the worm that’s fled. Hath nature that in time will venom breed,
No teeth for th’present.” ” . Macbeth thought that because Banquo was a very near friend to him he describes banquo as a snake for the reason that he starts to think about his surroundings are dangerous . When  macbeth says “the worm that’s fled” it refers to Fleance that he hides for a while until everything happens taking advantage of the situation. However, this is in Macbeth’s head because he thinks he is in danger and that everybody was going to discover that he was the murderer of king Duncan.

The last metaphor that Macbeth said after his wife suicide is: “Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
And then is heard no more. It is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing” . Here Macbeth was out of control and desperate because his prediction wasn’t going according to the three witches prediction, then it was the moment when he discover that was a fool, because he made the things that the witches command him to do. Macbeth now understand that the urge, desperation and power was for nothing that it will carry you to death, everything he made was for nothing and that life’s too short because you enjoy every part of your life,but when you die , you will never expect how and when is going to happen thinking in that moment that life was too short and paltry. The meaning of this metaphor is: life is too short making us weakless and meaningless, the death can come in every moment because we don’t expect it, making everything what was done before nothing.

Shakespheare’s use this because is a essential part of the poetry speech, the metaphor describes an object by relating it with another completely different thing but that they have the same characteristics between each one.

How does Shakespheare’s uses metaphysical to show different macbeth’s states of mind?

The first methaphysical in Macbeth’s play is: the prophesies that the three witches told him, that made Macbeth feel greatness and powerful and creating the idea and ambicion in order to kill king Duncan. The witches create the temptation but not the destiny. Here Shakespheare’s told us that the humans only need a little push of temptation in order to make evil and negative actions.

The second metaphysical is:  When Macbeth told the conversation with the three witches that he have, to Lady Macbeth. Inmediately Lady Macbeth gets surprised by the notice of Macbeth making his wife wanting to know more about it ,creating ambitious. Lady Macbeth controlls Macbeth easily when he was deciding if to kill the king or not, but she whispers to him that he must become a man, being brave to make she feel happy. With this “little push” Macbeth started to plan an idea to kill King Duncan. Here Macbeth told us the same thing . That with a little of temptation ideas the people can do whatever they want making them to destroy their states of minds losing control.

The third metaphysical is:  Macbeth After planning the idea of how to kill king Duncan with Lady Macbeth. When he grabs the dagger Macbeth says “the floating dagger” Is a supernatural name for explain the moment he shows the dagger holding it in the play to make us know that he loses his control because he decided to become the murderer of the king.

How does Shakespheare’s uses dramatic irony to make us feel Macbeth’s thoughts?

Macbeth first dramatic irony is in Act 1, Scene 4 when Duncan says he trusts Him, but the audience knows that Macbeth is expecting to become king. Duncan does not know about the witches’ prophecy, or that Macbeth is expecting to become king and he will kill the King Duncan to get the honor.

Shakespeare makes use of dramatic irony, that is when the audience knows something which characters in the play do not. For make us aware for what’s going to happen that is what Shakespheare’s means with the dramatic irony in the play.

How does Shakespheare uses paradoxes to inform Macbeth’s mind conflict?

A paradox is a contradictory statement between two things that they are afar of the common sense . However they are true.

An example is in act 1, scene 1 where the three evil witches said: “fair is foul and foul is fair”.   

The witches are trying to explain that what is good is bad, and what is bad is good. And that is an example of a paradox because it has the characteristics of it.

Another example of paradox is: in act 3,            scene 4 when Macbeth after kill Banquo, taking dinner in his palace he prays for he being in the feast ,but he had sent troops to kill him. And instead of Banquo, his ghost come surprising Macbeth turning him crazy.

How does shakespheare’s uses the rhythm to show Macbeth’s state of mind?

Iambic pentameter is one of the rhythms that Shakespheare’s uses in his play: ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM.  The second syllable of this rhythm is stressed and commonly used in rhythm system. An example is when Lady Macbeth urges her husband to wash his hands after he has murdered King Duncan: and WASH this FILthy WITness FROM your HAND. 

Trochaic tetrameter is another rhythm that Shakespheare’s uses. This is opposite to the iambic pentameter It’s an accented syllable followed by an unaccented syllable that sounds like DUM-da. An example is when the witches were preparing the prediction of Macbeth with the ingredients that they were required to do it in the cauldron: DOUble, DOUble, TOIL and TROUble.
FIre BURN and CAULdron BUbble.

Shakespheare’s uses this rhythms because in the past, this was the language of the great poetry and literature adding classic effects to the writings. And with Macbeth, in his parts of the play, the action of this rhythms was creating nerves and tension for what was coming next and imaginate the feelings and wishes of him making us now how the character is reacting.

Conclusion:  At the beginning of the play, Macbeth focus on being the king of Scotland by demonstrating his loyalty to King Duncan. After hearing the profecy from the three witches, Macbeth is overcome by ambition and greed. With a litttle help of encouragement from Macbeth’s wife and the prophecy he kills King Duncan and takes the throne. Afterwards, Macbeth’s thoughts lead him to commit even more murders to become powerful. His confidence in the prophecies eventually leads to his downfall by Macduff and he is overthrown and killed by those he has wronged.